In order to reduce calf mortality after calving and during the first 28 days of life, veterinarians generally use appropriate resuscitation procedures and supportive care. The main situations where resuscitation techniques apply, are hypoxia, neonatal diarrhoea and septicaemia with or without shock. In cases of hypoxia, resuscitation procedures aim mainly at maintaining oxygenation and ventilation, cardiac output and blood pressure, and at correcting acidosis. In cases of a severe neonatal diarrhoea, the priority for therapy is to restore hydration and, electrolyte and acid-base status. In cases of a septicaemia, treatment needs to be aggressively directed against bacteraemia and toxic shock, but also against dehydration, metabolic acidosis, electrolyte disorders and negative energy balance. Moreover, in all cases, supportive care should be used to increase chances of calf recovery. Supportive care requires colostrum feeding, nursing and maintenance in satisfactory ambient conditions. All these resuscitation procedures and supportive care should be attempted each time the newborn calf health is compromised, and pursued until vital state is normalized.