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Effects of 6 degrees elevation of the heels on 3D kinematics of the distal portion of the forelimb in the walking horse.

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Article
H

Château, Henri ; Degueurce, Christophe ; Denoix, Jean-Marie

Equine Veterinary Journal

UMR INRA-ENVA de Biomecanique et Pathologie Locomotrice du Cheval, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire d'Alfort, 7, Avenue du General de Gaulle, 94704 Maisons Alfort, France.

2004

Article

Url / Doi : http://docserver.ingentaconnect.com/deliver/connect/evj/0425...

Volume : 36(8):649-54.

Titre anglais :

Reasons for performing study: Understanding of the biomechanical effects of heel elevation remains incomplete because in vivo studies performed with skin markers do not measure the actual movements of the 3 digital joints. Objective: To quantify the effects of 6 degrees heel wedge on the 3-dimensional movements of the 4 distal segments of the forelimb in the walking horse. Methods: Four healthy horses were used. Kinematics of the distal segments was measured invasively with a system based on ultrasonic triangulation. Three-dimensional rotations of the digital joints were calculated by use of a 'joint coordinate system' (JCS). Data obtained with heel wedges were compared to those obtained with standard shoes during the stance phase of the stride. Results: Heel wedges significantly increased maximal flexion of the proximal (PIPJ) and distal (DIPJ) interphalangeal joints and maximal extension (mean+or-s.d. +0.8+or-0.3 degrees ) of the metacarpophalangeal joint (MPJ). Extension of the PIPJ and DIPJ was decreased at heel-off. Few effects were observed in extrasagittal planes of movement. Conclusions: Heel wedges affect the sagittal plane kinematics of the 3 digital joints. Potential relevance: Controversial effects previously observed on the MPJ may be explained by the substantial involvement of the PIPJ, which was wrongly neglected in previous studies performed on the moving horse.
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