Abstract; Solid phase cytometry in conjunction with fluorescent probe was applied to rapidly quantify cellular esterase activity of Listeria monocytogenes cells. Viability of cells stressed by several treatments (starvation, NaCl, lactic acid and peracetic acid) was assessed simultaneously by their esterase activity estimated by fluorescence intensity and by their ability to multiply in liquid and solid, non-selective and selective, culture media. It was determined that cell physiological state has a significant impact on the cellular fluorescence intensity which was very dependent on the stress suffered by cells. No general relationship was observed between the bacterial populations observed by cytometry and the populations able to grow on culture media. The link between the cell culturability in non-selective and selective media and the esterase activity was always dependent on the stress suffered. Nevertheless, it was also established that solid phase cytometry is an efficient, sensitive and accurate tool to characterize the ability of non-selective and selective enrichment broths to allow the repair of stressed L. monocytogenes cells by examining the increase in the fraction of the most esterase active cells during the course of resuscitation.